Causes for Gestational Diabetes

There may be two reasons for gestational diabetes, one when the body fails to produce the insulin and other when the women display resistance to insulin. In either case symptoms may be seen. Some of the causes for gestational diabetes are as following

• Hormonal Imbalance: During pregnancy, women body experiences number of hormonal changes where some may lead to gestational diabetes. When pregnancy, the need for insulin increases suddenly and the body prevents the body in producing more insulin which turns into gestational diabetes.
• Family history: Women who have diabetic family history are at higher risks of developing these types of diabetes. So if any of your family members have diabetes, tell your doctor so that they can suggest you with medications and precautions.
• Over weight: Women who are suffering from excessive body weight have the risk of gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
• Drop in insulin levels: In some women, the pancreases fail to produce required insulin. Lower quantity of insulin in pregnant women leads to gestational diabetes.
• Overage: Late pregnancy also increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes. Women above the age of 35 are more to prone to gestational diabetes when compared to other women.
• Ethnicity: Though this sounds bit strange, but this is true. Women originated from South Asia, Middle East and Caribbean are more prone to gestational diabetes than other ethnic group women.

Your doctor will check on you frequently and you should always drink liquids not to get dehydrated. Also doctor suggests you to take medicine not get up to urinate all the time. Especially the medicine desmopression will help to reduce this problem and it comes as a spray or other forms. If you take this medicine you should not have much fluid as too much drinking will cause you feel sick. If you have diabetes incipidus due to kidneys problem instead of brain then you need to take water pills that help to balance water and salt in your body. If you need more information about this disease, it’s better to talk to your doctor and ask which medicine suits you well.

Well to better understand about these two phenomenons just go a little deep in to this article.

The basic question that comes in every mind when anyone thinks of diabetes is – What they should be eating?

You need to be very careful about the foods that may vary high blood sugar levels.

Well there are number of types of heart diseases but the heart disease which is associated with diabetes is Coronary Heart Disease. This is a disease where there is a gradual blockage and disruption in the arteries that feed blood to the heart muscle and if these arteries get clogged out completely then a person has a good chance in getting a heart attack.

What is the relationship between heart disease and people with diabetes and why do we have to be so vigilant about paying attention to the risk for heart disease?

Unfortunately the risk of heart disease is higher in people with diabetes; it does probably up around 75% of diabetics across the globe can have some problem with their heart. This is because of the insulin levels, or due to increased blood pressure and cholesterol. The other thing you need to know about is the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes and people with type 2 diabetes have a condition called Insulin Resistance, which happens to be very strongly linked with some of the cardiovascular risk factors like high blood pressure and a tendency to form clots.

• The first type is a kind where the body of the patient fails to produce insulin and requires the person to inject insulin into the body. This type of diabetes is referred to as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The short form of this is IIDM.
• The second type of diabetes is where even though the required amount of insulin is produced in the body, the cells present in the body are not able to use the insulin properly. This is called as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The short form for it is NIDDM.
• The third type is when a pregnant woman gets diabetes. This is called as gestational diabetes. It has a development of 2DM.

Description: Insulin sprays are aerosol preparations; an active soluble propellant is used. The insulin is pressurized with the propellant helps in easy spraying. The molecules sprayed are of equal sizes, the distribution of the sprayed drug is equal and accurate.  The propellant used here are harmless, edible (for Buccal sprays only), under optimum compressed pressure.

Types: There are two types of insulin sprays; which increases the sensitivity of the patient to lower the blood glucose levels. They are;

• Nasal insulin spray: The optimum activity is seen in the case of nasal route, when compared with buccal route. The maximum dose concentration is 1.0%, this helps in sensitizing the insulin receptors present in the nasal region.
• Buccal insulin spray:  This type of buccal insulin spray helps in treating blood sugar levels. The insulin gets absorbed in the oral cavity and triggers the insulin receptors around the cavity. The activity is lower, as the sprayed insulin will be metabolized by the salivary enzymes.

Benefits: This nasal insulin spray benefits the patient to access the brain, and it is best suggested for the Alzheimer. Exact amount of the dose is released from the single nozzle of spray.

Disadvantages: when compared with sub-cutaneous route insulin; the oral or nasal insulin have short acting time period. Sprays are very expensive than injections.

Sexual problems in men to diabetes

Erection dysfunction is a state where the man fails to have erection during intercourse. Men suffering from diabetes may increase risk of erection dysfunction than the person who does not have diabetes.  Other causes for erection dysfunction are high blood pressure, alcohol, stress and smoking. Erection dysfunction may also occur due to psychological factors, hormonal imbalance and due to other illness.

Person suffering from erection dysfunction should talk to the doctor; he will check blood glucose levels and suggest him with correct treatment and medication.

If erection dysfunction caused due to nerves damage, then doctor may suggest him with oral pills, a vaccine pump, and shots directly into the penis. Sometime doctor may even recommend him a minor surgery.  All these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Psychological treatments help in reducing stress and anxiety.

Sexual problems in women due to diabetes

Women suffering from diabetes may have sexual problems like

• Vaginal dryness
• Server pain during sexual intercourse
• Reduced sexual desire
• Absence or decreased sexual response

The causes for sexual problems in women with diabetes may include nerve damage, hormonal imbalance and reduced blood flow to vaginal tissues. Doctor suggests her with some medications and treatments.  They may even prescribe over the counter medications like vaginal lubricants that can prevent vaginal dryness. Even psychological counseling will be of great help. Even kegel exercises with help in improving sexual response.

Ø  The diabetic patients who suffer with osteoporosis; will suffer with low back pain, loss of height i.e. curving of spine, dowager hump is seen especially in elderly women.

Ø  The consequences lead to pneumonia, clotting of blood, pulmonary embolism, or due to prolonged bed rest after hip fracture. Fractures do not heal fast as the bloodstream is with increased levels of sugar in diabetic patients. This may lead to infections in the case of open fractures or wounds.

Ø  Mostly the type-I diabetes patient will have the low bone density; the mechanism of the bone loss is due to the disturbances in the insulin growth factors, and cytokines. Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and advanced cortical cataracts are the major risk factors associated with the osteoporosis.

Ø  In type-II diabetic patients; the patients have larger body size, and relatively high bone mass, thus they have more chances of bone fractures. The quality of the bone may also be changed with the microvascular events common in diabetes type-II patients. They experience the higher fracture rates with hip, humerus, and foot.

Ø  Gestational diabetes patients are with the increased risk of the bone deformation, and joint pains.

Risk assessment for GDM should be taken care by the health care people in the first visit itself. People with known diabetic family history should be taken care. Risk is more in those women who are more than 30 years of age, obesity, known diabetes in first degree relatives, history of abnormal glucose tolerance, history of poor obstetric outcome etc. ethnic background is also a risk factor for women developing gestational diabetes. Previous pregnancy in which she delivered a baby with high birth weight also is a risk factor for GDM in her next pregnancy. Approximately 7%of all pregnancies are complicated by GDM resulting in more than 200,000 cases annually.

Women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type2 diabetes mellitus after pregnancy as well as chances having caesarean section. Their offspring’s are tend to develop obesity along with type2 diabetes later.

Different test are used to diagnose higher level of glucose in blood, plasma in defined circumstances. One is stepwise approach where suspicious result is followed by diagnostic test. More involved diagnostic test is other one which is done in high risk patients. Women has to take care at every step during her pregnancy and give birth to a healthy child

The people with Type 2 diabetes should try to be consistent with the type of food they have chosen, and should eat about the same number of times of each day. This helps you in preventing the blood sugar from becoming extremely high or low. Always you should work with your doctor or nurse to know how much fat, proteins and carbohydrates you should have in your diet.  The people with Type 2 diabetes can stop using medicines after losing their weight.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes

Constant hunger and abnormal weight loss plays a major role in Type 2 diabetes. The most important symptoms of Type 2 diabetes are given below

The people with Type 2 diabetes feel thirsty again and again because of increase of sugar levels in the blood stream which soak fluid from the tissues.

People with Type 2 diabetes will also experience the frequent urge to urinate, due to the intake of water continuously. And also feels more hunger than the usual.

Due to the blood glucose becoming extremely high or low, the individual feels very tired and cranky.

Infections and cuts do not cure fast due to the immune system damaged by the germs within your body.

Losing the emotional sensation of every organ or numbness   are also the symptoms of Type 2 diabetes.

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